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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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australi.3
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Government
Long-form name: Commonwealth of Australia.
Type: federal parliamentary state.
Capital: Canberra.
Administrative divisions: 6 states and 2 territories*; Australian
Capital Territory*, New South Wales, Northern Territory*,
Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western
Australia.
Dependent areas: Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island,
Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and
McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island.
Independence: 1 January 1901 (federation of UK colonies).
Constitution: 9 July 1900, effective 1 January 1901.
Legal system: based on English common law; accepts compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations.
National holiday: Australia Day (last Monday in January),
29 January 1990.
Executive branch: British monarch, governor general, prime
minister, deputy prime minister, Cabinet.
Legislative branch: bicameral Federal Parliament consists
of an upper house or Senate and a lower house or House of
Representatives.
Judicial branch: High Court.
Leaders:
Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since February
1952), represented by Governor General William George HAYDEN
(since NA February 1989);
Head of Government--Prime Minister Robert James Lee HAWKE
(since 11 March 1983); Deputy Prime Minister Paul KEATING
(since 3 April 1990).
Political parties and leaders: government--Australian Labor
Party, Robert Hawke; opposition--Liberal Party, Andrew Peacock;
National Party, Charles Blunt; Australian Democratic Party,
Janine Haines.
Suffrage: universal and compulsory at age 18.
Elections:
Senate--last held 11 July 1987 (next to be held by 12 May 1990);
results--Labor 43%, Liberal-National 42%, Australian Democrats 8%,
independents 2%; seats--(76 total) Labor 32, Liberal-National 34,
Australian Democrats 7, independents 3;
House of Representatives--last held 24 March 1990 (next
to be held by November 1993); results--Labor 39.7%, Liberal-National
43%, Australian Democrats and independents 11.1%; seats--(148
total) Labor 78, Liberal-National 69, independent 1.
Communists: 4,000 members (est.).
Other political or pressure groups: Australian Democratic
Labor Party (anti-Communist Labor Party splinter group);
Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Action (Nuclear Disarmament
Party splinter group).
Member of: ADB, AIOEC, ANZUS, CCC, CIPEC (associate), Colombo
Plan, Commonwealth, DAC, ESA, ESCAP, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IATP,
IBA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO,
ILZSG, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOOC, IPU, IRC, ISO, ITC,
ITU, IWC--International Whaling Commission, IWC--International
Wheat Council, OECD, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG.
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Michael J. COOK; Chancery
at 1601 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington DC 20036; telephone
(202) 797-3000; there are Australian Consulates General
in Chicago, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, Pago
Pago (American Samoa), and San Francisco; US--Ambassador
Melvin F. SEMBLER; Moonah Place, Yarralumla, Canberra, Australian
Capital Territory 2600 (mailing address is APO San Francisco
6404); telephone [61] (62) 705000; there are US Consulates
General in Melbourne, Perth, and Sydney, and a Consulate
in Brisbane.
Flag: blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side
quadrant and a large seven-pointed star in the lower hoist-side
quadrant; the remaining half is a representation of the
Southern Cross constellation in white with one small five-pointed
star and four, larger, seven-pointed stars.